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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1894</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2025-21-3-60-68</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prostate cancer Gleason score 6 (3 + 3): To operate or not to operate?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рак предстательной железы Глисон 6 (3 + 3): оперировать нельзя наблюдать?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8899-0798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhalilov</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джалилов</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>shinigami.rdi@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3086-6457</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybalchenko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбальченко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>shinigami.rdi@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8067-9150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantseva</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцева</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>shinigami.rdi@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7243-4172</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkarupa</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкарупа</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>shinigami.rdi@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0489-3451</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkarupa</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкарупа</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>shkarupa.dmitry@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2595-2249</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konstantinova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Константинова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>shinigami.rdi@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6883-777X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamizhev</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамижев</surname><given-names>Э. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>shinigami.rdi@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0792-6012</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>andocrey@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3246-7337</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semeniakin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенякин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dr.semeniakin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6255-0193</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gadzhiev</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаджиев</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>shinigami.rdi@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinic of High Medical Technologies named after N.I. Pirogov, Saint Petersburg State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Клиника высоких медицинских технологий им. Н.И. Пирогова ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Medical Institute of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский институт ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Medsi Group of Companies</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">АО «Группа компаний «Медси»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-24"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-10-15"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Dzhalilov I.B., Rybalchenko V.A., Rumyantseva D.I., Shkarupa A.G., Shkarupa D.D., Konstantinova A.M., Mamizhev E.M., Kostin A.A., Semeniakin I.V., Gadzhiev N.K.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Джалилов И.Б., Рыбальченко В.А., Румянцева Д.И., Шкарупа А.Г., Шкарупа Д.Д., Константинова А.М., Мамижев Э.М., Костин А.А., Семенякин И.В., Гаджиев Н.К.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dzhalilov I.B., Rybalchenko V.A., Rumyantseva D.I., Shkarupa A.G., Shkarupa D.D., Konstantinova A.M., Mamizhev E.M., Kostin A.A., Semeniakin I.V., Gadzhiev N.K.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Джалилов И.Б., Рыбальченко В.А., Румянцева Д.И., Шкарупа А.Г., Шкарупа Д.Д., Константинова А.М., Мамижев Э.М., Костин А.А., Семенякин И.В., Гаджиев Н.К.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.eco-vector.com/oncur/article/view/1894">https://oncourology.eco-vector.com/oncur/article/view/1894</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Prostate cancer remains the leading malignancy among men. The status of patients initially diagnosed with a Gleason score of (3 + 3) 6 based on biopsy results is becoming increasingly questioned. Can ISUP 1 be considered “NOTcancer”? Various additional diagnostic methods can be the key not only to establishing a prostate cancer diagnosis, but also to predicting the grade of cancer differentiation at the pre-invasive stage.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> To assess the correspondence between biopsy and postoperative Gleason scores in patients with Gleason 3 + 3, and to study the pathological characteristics of true ISUP 1.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The study analysed data from 225 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between 2018 and 2024. The average patient age was 65 ± 6 years, median prostate-specific antigen level was 8.7 ng/mL, and median prostate volume was 55 cm<sup>3</sup>. All patients initially had a biopsy Gleason score of 3 + 3. Histological examination of surgical specimens was performed in accordance with national clinical guidelines.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> In 54.22 % of patients, the postoperative Gleason score increased to ≥7. ISUP groups 4 and 5 were identified in 4.89 % of cases, and pattern “5” was found in 1.33 % of patients. In all true ISUP 1 cases (45.78 %), characteristic pathological features of cancer were identified.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> True ISUP 1 has all the morphological characteristics of cancer. More than half of the patients with a biopsy Gleason score of 3 + 3 had a higher final Gleason score upon histological examination. This confirms the need to improve existing diagnostic and treatment approaches for this patient category.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Рак предстательной железы продолжает занимать лидирующую позицию среди злокачественных образований у мужчин. Статус пациентов с исходной по результатам биопсии суммой баллов Глисона 6 (3 + 3) вызывает все больше поводов для дискуссий. Можно ли считать категорию ISUP 1 (International Society of Urological Pathology, Международное общество урологической патологии) «НЕраком»? Различные вспомогательные диагностические методы обследования могут послужить ключом как к установлению диагноза рака предстательной железы, так и к прогнозированию степени дифференцировки рака на доинвазивном этапе.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – оценить соответствие биопсийного и послеоперационного баллов Глисона у пациентов с Глисон 3 + 3, а также изучить патоморфологические характеристики истинного ISUP 1.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В исследовании проанализированы результаты лечения 225 пациентов, перенесших радикальную простатэктомию в период с 2018 по 2024 г. Средний возраст пациентов составил 65 ± 6 лет, медиана уровня простатического специфического антигена в крови – 8,7 нг/мл, медиана объема предстательной железы – 55 см<sup>3</sup>. У всех пациентов исходный балл Глисона по данным биопсии был 3 + 3. В каждом случае проведено гистологическое исследование операционного материала в соответствии с национальными клиническими рекомендациями.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Из 225 пациентов, включенных в исследование, у 54,22 % была выявлена более высокая сумма баллов Глисона (≥7) после радикальной простатэктомии. В 4,89 % случаев выявлены категории ISUP 4 и 5. Паттерн «5» обнаружен у 1,33 % пациентов. Во всех случаях истинного ISUP 1 (45,78 %) выявлены характерные для рака патоморфологические признаки.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Истинный ISUP 1 обладает всеми морфологическими характеристиками рака. Более чем половина пациентов, у которых по данным биопсии выявлена сумма баллов Глисона 3 + 3, в окончательном гистологическом исследовании имели более высокий балл. Это подтверждает необходимость улучшения существующих и внедрения новых подходов к диагностике и лечению данной категории пациентов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>Gleason 3 + 3</kwd><kwd>prostate biopsy</kwd><kwd>ISUP 1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>сумма баллов Глисона 3 + 3</kwd><kwd>биопсия предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>ISUP 1</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">no</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">нет</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malignant tumors in Russia in 2023 (morbidity and mortality). Eds.: А.D. Kaprin, V.V. Starinskiy, A.O. 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