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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1996</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2025-21-3-124-129</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. URINARY BLADDER CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак мочевого пузыря</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Neoadjuvant combination drug therapy in treatment of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неоадъювантная комбинированная лекарственная терапия в лечении больных мышечно-инвазивным раком мочевого пузыря</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-0188</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Usynin</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усынин</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gusi70@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0454-7930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gural</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гураль</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gusi70@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-8417</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tashireva</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таширева</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gusi70@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1195-4008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vtorushin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вторушин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gusi70@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5629-8908</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurmazov</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрмазов</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gusi70@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Oncology Research Institute – branch of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт онкологии – филиал ФГБНУ «Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>124</fpage><lpage>129</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-17"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-12-17"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Usynin E.A., Gural A.K., Tashireva L.A., Vtorushin S.V., Yurmazov Z.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Усынин Е.А., Гураль А.К., Таширева Л.А., Вторушин С.В., Юрмазов З.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Usynin E.A., Gural A.K., Tashireva L.A., Vtorushin S.V., Yurmazov Z.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Усынин Е.А., Гураль А.К., Таширева Л.А., Вторушин С.В., Юрмазов З.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.eco-vector.com/oncur/article/view/1996">https://oncourology.eco-vector.com/oncur/article/view/1996</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>Development of checkpoint inhibitors opened new possibilities in using neoadjuvant drug therapy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Combination of cytostatics with new immunotherapeutic drugs has a number of theoretical justifications and is being actively studied in several phase II and III randomized clinical trials.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> To compare immediate efficacy of combination anti-tumor drug therapy containing checkpoint inhibitors in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>The study included patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (Т2–3N0–1M0) who received combination treatment in the form of preoperative drug therapy and surgical intervention.</p> <p><bold>Results and conclusion.</bold> High immediate efficacy of atezolizumab combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin in the hyperexpression group (PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) ≥5 %) was observed. Overall response rate was up to 95 %. Complete and partial response rate was 87.0 % versus 47.0 % for combination of cytostatics (<italic>p</italic> = 0.021). Tumor PD-L1 expression level ≥5 % can be used as a predictor for efficacy of therapy using checkpoint inhibitors. Complete and partial tumor regression after combination drug therapy can be considered a reason to cancel radical cystectomy and to change treatment strategy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Появление ингибиторов контрольных точек<bold> </bold>открыло новые возможности использования неоадъювантной лекарственной терапии у больных мышечно-инвазивным раком мочевого пузыря. Комбинация цитостатиков с новыми онкоиммунологическими препаратами имеет ряд теоретических обоснований и активно изучается в серии клинических рандомизированных исследований II и III фаз.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– сравнительная оценка непосредственной эффективности комбинированной лекарственной противоопухолевой терапии с использованием ингибиторов контрольных точек у больных мышечно-инвазивным раком мочевого пузыря.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>В исследование включены больные мышечно-инвазивным раком мочевого пузыря (Т2–3N0–1M0), получавшие комбинированное лечение в объеме предоперационной лекарственной терапии и хирургического вмешательства.</p> <p><bold>Результаты и заключение.</bold> Показана высокая непосредственная эффективность комбинации атезолизумаба с гемцитабином и цисплатином в группе гиперэкспрессоров (PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1, лиганд белка программированной клеточной смерти 1) ≥5 %). Частота общих ответов составила до 95 %. Частота полных и частичных регрессий – 87,0 % против 47,0 % при использовании комбинации цитостатиков (<italic>p</italic> = 0,021). Уровень экспрессии PD-L1 ≥5 % в опухоли может быть использован в качестве предиктора эффективности терапии при применении ингибиторов контрольных точек. Наличие полной и частичной регрессии опухоли после комбинированной лекарственной терапии может рассматриваться в качестве основания для отказа от выполнения радикальной цистэктомии и изменения стратегии лечения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>muscle-invasive cancer</kwd><kwd>checkpoint inhibitor</kwd><kwd>neoadjuvant therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мышечно-инвазивный рак</kwd><kwd>ингибитор контрольных точек</kwd><kwd>неоадъювантная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kamat A.M., Hahn N.M., Efstathiou J.A. et al. Bladder cancer. Lancet 2016;388(10061):2796–810. 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